Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous mineral as silicates with a structure of thin fibrous crystals, containing oxides of magnesium, iron, aluminum and sodium, and silicon dioxide. Asbestos fibers will be released into air as a powder and it may accumulate in the lungs causing organ canceration if absorbed by the human body. Owing to good tensile strength, insulation, anti-corrosion, and inflammability, asbestos are important materials applied in flame retardants and insulation.

REACH,Testing,Annex XVII,Restriction,EU

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized). Formally, the class is further defined as lacking further branching substituents off of these ring structures. AHs usually exist in petrochemical, rubber, plastics, lubricant, antirust oil and organic compounds of incomplete combustion. But some PAHs are carcinogenic and mutagenic. So far there are more than 100 known PAHs,18 of which are common (see the German standard below for specifics).

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the branch of electrical engineering concerned with the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy which may cause unwanted effects such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) or even physical damage in operational equipment. The goal of EMC is the correct operation of different equipment in a common electromagnetic environment.

The halogens or halogen elements are a series of nonmetal elements from Group 17 IUPAC Style (formerly: VII, VIIA) of the periodic table, comprising of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). Since Astatine (At) is a radioactive element, halogens usually refer to fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I). Halogens are often present in the form of organic compounds in the product, especially in the polymer materials.

SVHC ,“Substance of Very High Concern”, refers to any substance that has adverse effects on human health and the environment.

The publication and implementation of EU RoHS Directive in 2013 stimulates other major economies to issue RoHS-like directives. China RoHS is also formulated against the backdrop. C&K Testing can provide one-stop solutions to China RoHS services integrating consulting, testing and certification.

RoHS is short for "The Directive on the Restriction of the use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment”. The first version of RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC) was passed by the European Parliament on 27 January 2003; the European Union published the new version of RoHS Directive, RoHS 2 Directive (2011/65/EU), on 1 July 2011 and the new directive became effective on 21 July 2011, taking the place of the previous version.